Shattering Stereotypes:
Women’s Voices and Changing Realities in India – A Lens
Through The God of Small Things
Dr. Manju Devi
ABSTRACT
This article explores the historical, present, and
future status of women in India, juxtaposed with the themes found in
Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things. The novel, set in a
traditional Indian society, serves as a lens to critically examine
the roles of women, reflecting on their struggles with patriarchy,
social restrictions, and gender inequality. Historically, Indian
women have experienced fluctuating roles, from the empowerment of
the Vedic period to the oppression seen in later centuries, where
practices like child marriage, purdah, and dowry became rampant.
Despite legal reforms and increasing participation in education and
the workforce, many women in India still face significant barriers
rooted in patriarchal norms. Present-day India shows significant
strides in women’s empowerment, as more women occupy leadership
roles in politics, business, and social reform. However, many
challenges remain, including gender-based violence, unequal access
to education and healthcare, and the societal expectations placed on
women to prioritize familial duties over personal aspirations. The
article addresses these ongoing issues and reflects on how Roy's
characters, particularly Ammu and Rahel, exemplify the consequences
of these societal constraints. Both characters face deeply
entrenched gender roles and societal judgments, resonating with the
current realities faced by many Indian women. In addressing the path
forward, the article discusses potential solutions, such as
promoting gender equality through education, better enforcement of
legal protections for women, and societal change through media
representation and advocacy. Roy’s novel is a powerful narrative
that brings to light the silenced voices of women and marginalized
communities, offering a poignant reflection of the intersection of
gender, class, and caste in Indian society.
Key Words: Patriarchy, Social restrication, Gender Inequali
